CMOS devices have large input impedance with input currents on the order of 0.01nA. Adding feedback circuitry can result in a latch-like device that can be used to store bits, and also operate in a ...

This CMOS two-input combination NAND/NOR gate is a three-input, fourpin logic gate. A p-channel enhancementtype MOSFET (Q1) and an n-channel enhancement-type MOSFET (Q4) form one complementary ...

A layout-dependent circuit-design model from Toshiba helps boost gate density and improve cost-performance in next-generation 45-nm CMOS technology. More specifically, 45-nm CMOS gate density can be 2 ...

Density and speed of IC’s have increased exponentially for several decades, following a trend described by Moore’s Law. While it is accepted that this exponential improvement trend will end, it is ...

Before we plunge headfirst into the fray with gusto and abandon (and aplomb, of course), let’s remind and reassure ourselves that—although the following discussions focus on the devices and ...