Modeling complex systems When studying complex biological systems such as the immune system, scientists can extract many different types of data. Sequencing cell genomes tells them which gene variants ...

Systems biology modeling is entering a new phase. For decades, computational models—ODE and PDE systems, stochastic simulations, constraint-based networks, ...

Physical principles of evolution / Peter Schuster -- The interplay of replication, variation and selection in the dynamics of evolving populations / Richard A. Blythe -- A simple general model of ...

Complex systems such as metabolic pathways, ecosystems, the Internet, or human societies are comprised of large numbers of components that interact according to rules that change over time and that ...

Surprising animal behaviors, from birds to amphibians, are revealing deep biological processes. Scientists are uncovering how viruses manipulate cells, how the immune system balances defense, and how ...