In recent years, optical vortices have attracted extensive attention in laser advanced manufacturing because of their annual intensity distribution and orbital angular momentum. Compared with the ...

A team of engineers and scientists has shown for the first time that a hard-X-ray cavity can provide net X-ray gain, with ...

A peek inside the record-breaking laser. The image shows the round amplifier disk, through which the laser beam passes several times (bright spot at the centre). The word laser usually conjures up an ...