To design a 2-stage, single-ended op-amp with PMOS inputs with the following design specifications. The first stage is a differential pair with a current mirror load. The second stage is a common ...
The widespread adoption of scaled CMOS process technologies has made battery-operated consumer devices more powerful, cheaper, and last longer. In the last two decades, CMOS technology scaling has ...
Fig 1. The standard Howland Current Pump (HCP) is a current source that can generate both positive and negative current. Fig 2. Adding a boost circuit to an HCP design allows for higher output current ...
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