The circuit has been designed for transistors to determine whether the pin is emitter, base or collector as well as the type if NPN or PNP polarity, and can also be used in testing diodes. 4011 – a ...

This tester is primarily meant to test bipolar transistors. It can indicate the type of the transistor as well as identify its base, collector and emitter pins. The circuit is very simple. The ...

It used to be a rite of passage to be able to do the math necessary to design various bipolar transistor amplifier ...

Here we propose, for the first time, a solar cell characterized by a semiconductor transistor structure (n/p/n or p/n/p) where the base–emitter junction is made of a high-bandgap semiconductor and the ...

The circuit in Figure 1 sinks a constant current (ICE3) through Q3’s collector and emitter. This design is balanced so changes in Q3’s base-emitter voltage (VBE) don’t affect the current sink’s ...