That’s only one problem. Your immune system also has an adaptive system of specialized immune cells and antibodies that attack and destroy invading microbes. This system remembers what those intruders ...

Dr. Valerie Cholet is a Professor of Kinesiology. She earned her doctorate at Penn State University and has taught in higher education for over 20 years. Her areas of specialization include Exercise ...

Sleep has two phases: non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM). It also has four stages that repeat in 4 to 6 cycles nightly. Each stage affects your body differently, from light ...

Kidneys filter all the blood in your body, manage your blood pressure and remove waste. Following a kidney-friendly diet can help keep them in good health. This is especially important considering how ...

Pupil dilation provides a physiological readout of information gain during the brain's internal process of belief updating in the context of associative learning.

Objective To evaluate systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of exercise on general cognition, memory and executive function across all populations and ages. Methods ...